Classic Yoga

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Padmasana

Introduction

The Padmasana, the Lotus Position, is a seated yoga posture that is specifically intended for meditation. Also, this particular pose is considered to be the oldest among all the yoga poses and was traditionally taught as the primary posture before learning any other poses in ancient times. Nowadays, it is classified as one of the advanced groups of postures. Practicing this pose helps to alleviate muscular tension in the lower body and enables the practitioner to enhance their focus on the object of meditation.

Explore this guide on Padmasana that details its meaning, steps, benefits, and many other aspects comprehensively.

Padmasana Information

Pose NamePadmasana
Kamalasana
Sanskrit Nameपद्मासन
Internation Alphabets of Sanskrit Transcription (IAST)padmāsana
English NameLotus Pose
OriginAncient, Traditional
Difficulty LevelAdvanced
GroupPadmasana
TypeSeated Posture
Meditation Pose
Lotus Pose Information

Padmasana Meaning

The term “Padmasana” finds its roots in Sanskrit, where “Padma” translates to lotus, giving the English name “Lotus Posture.” This yogic position earned its name due to its resemblance to the unfolding petals of the lotus flower. In Sanskrit, it is also referred to as “Kamalasana,” presenting an alternative nomenclature for this meditative pose deeply embedded in ancient yoga traditions. As practitioners assume the Lotus Position, they emulate the graceful and serene unfolding of the lotus, fostering a connection between the physical form and the symbolic significance of this revered flower in Eastern philosophy and spirituality.

Origin and History

The prevalence of Padmasana, or Lotus Posture, spans centuries, evident in second-century CE statues of Buddha and Mahavira. Yoga Yajnavalkya, an early text predating the second century, outlines the steps for assuming this yoga position. Maharishi Vyasa’s commentary on Yoga Sutra believed to be from the same era, further delves into the significance of the Lotus Posture. Likewise, an intriguing artifact from the period of Chandragupta II (380 CE to 415 CE), a coin depicting a figure in this pose, reinforces its historical roots. Collectively, these sources, spanning over 2,600 years, affirm the enduring practice and cultural resonance of this yoga pose, making it a timeless embodiment of yogic tradition and spiritual exploration.

Lotus Pose Procedure

Padmasana Precautions and Contra-Indications

The Lotus Pose is a highly respected yoga position; however, it may not be suitable for everyone. Hence, practitioners need to be aware of precautions and contraindications to ensure a safe practice.

Knee or Ankle Issues

Individuals who have knee or ankle injuries should refrain from attempting this pose, as it places significant stress on these joints.

Hip Flexibility

Limited hip flexibility can make it difficult to perform Lotus Pose comfortably. It is advisable to modify the pose or gradually work on improving hip flexibility before attempting the full posture.

Recent Knee Surgery

Likewise, those who have recently undergone knee surgery or have a history of knee problems should avoid this pose to prevent strain and potential complications.

Pregnancy

Similarly, pregnant women, especially in later stages, should avoid this pose as it can compress blood vessels and nerves, potentially causing discomfort. It is recommended to choose alternative poses that are safe during pregnancy.

Lower Back Concerns

Individuals with lower back issues should exercise caution when practicing this pose, as it may worsen existing problems. As such, supporting the back with props or opting for alternative poses can help alleviate strain on the lower back.

Avoid Forceful Entry

It is crucial to never force the legs into the Lotus position. Gradual progression and patience are key to preventing injury and strain on the joints.

Joint Pain

If practitioners experience pain in the ankles, knees joints, or hips during the pose, it is important to immediately release the posture to avoid further injury.

It is advisable to consult with a qualified yoga instructor or healthcare professional, especially for individuals with specific health concerns or conditions. They can guide on modifications and alternative poses that can be tailored to individual needs, ensuring a safe and beneficial yoga experience.

Preparatory Poses

As we have already seen, the flexibility of hips and knee joints is the prerequisite for mastery over this yoga position. To open the hips, one should resort to the following yoga poses and practices.

Padmasana Steps

Step 1

Firstly, sit on the floor with your legs stretched.

Step 2

Then, bend one leg, say the left leg,  and place the foot on the other thigh so that the sole is placed as near the pelvic bone as possible.

Step 3

Similarly, bend the other leg and place the foot as in the previous step. Head and spine should be erect and be in a straight line and both your right and left knees should touch the ground.

Step 4

Consequently, place the hands on the knees in Jnana Mudra or Chin Mudra. Then, close the eyes and place the mind in between the eyebrows. Keep your breathing as slow as possible.

Important tip

After performing the posture with the left leg as mentioned in step 2, you should change the posture with the right leg. Alternatively, if you have used the right leg, you should change that to the left one. Because it gives balanced flexibility on the two sides.

Duration

For a beginner, it is not possible to retain the posture for more than one or two minutes. Slowly the duration may be increased to three hours or more. The aspirant achieves mastery only when he is capable of retaining the posture for more than three hours. Once reached this milestone, it will be easier for him to proceed to the higher levels of yoga

Follow-up Asanas

Immediately after performing this yoga pose, one should resort to any one of the following postures.

Padmasana Benefits

The consistent practice of this yoga posture provides the following benefits.

Spiritual Benefits

Meditative Stability

Padmasana, or Lotus Pose, extends beyond physical benefits, offering a profound sense of stability and peace crucial for meditation and pranayama. Moreover, the grounded posture creates a firm foundation, allowing practitioners to delve into the depths of meditation with a focused and tranquil mind. As the body aligns, the asana enhances mental clarity and emotional balance. This meditative stance not only strengthens the physical core but also serves as a gateway to spiritual exploration. Also, the synchrony of body, breath, and mind in this pose fosters a holistic approach to well-being, establishing a serene space for inner reflection, mindfulness, and the journey toward self-discovery.

Awakens Kundalini

Padmasana, revered for its transformative qualities, aids in awakening the Kundalini energy. Moreover, this ancient yogic concept involves the awakening of a dormant spiritual energy, often depicted as a coiled serpent, at the base of the spine. This seated and centered posture facilitates the upward movement of Kundalini energy through the spine’s energy centers (chakras). As the energy ascends, practitioners may experience heightened spiritual awareness, expanded consciousness, and a profound sense of inner awakening. Hence, its role in the Kundalini awakening underscores its significance as a potent tool for spiritual exploration and self-realization in yogic traditions.

Therapeutic Benefits

The therapeutic benefits of this pose include both physical and psychological benefits.

Increases the Power of Digestion

In Padmasana, the crossed-legged position restricts blood circulation in the lower body, particularly the legs. This restriction, while seemingly counterintuitive, contributes to enhancing digestive power. Also, the reduction in blood flow prompts the digestive organs to function more efficiently, optimizing nutrient absorption and promoting digestive well-being. This intentional limitation of blood circulation in the lower extremities, coupled with the meditative aspects of Padmasana, creates a holistic impact on the body. Practitioners often find that this seated pose not only fosters mental clarity but also plays a role in supporting a healthy digestive system, making it a beneficial addition to overall well-being.

Provides Progressive Relaxation When Combined with Breathing Exercises

Scientific studies examining Padmasana when combined with breath control techniques reveal its profound impact on the nervous system. Furthermore, this yoga pose has been found to activate the Parasympathetic Nervous System, eliciting a relaxation response. As the body assumes the seated and meditative position of Padmasana, the calming influence on the nervous system leads to a decrease in stress and anxiety levels. Thus, the activation of the Parasympathetic Nervous System induces a state of deep relaxation, fostering mental tranquility and emotional well-being. The findings underscore Padmasana’s therapeutic potential, not only as a physical posture but as a powerful tool for promoting psychological resilience and mitigating the effects of modern-day stressors.

Improves Cardiac Well-being

Padmasana, the Lotus Pose, serves as a conduit for progressive relaxation, intertwining the physical and mental realms to promote comprehensive cardiac well-being. As practitioners settle into the tranquil embrace of this pose, the deliberate focus on breath and intentional relaxation ripples through the entire being. This integrated approach culminates in a harmonious reduction of blood pressure and alleviation of palpitations. This progressive relaxation unfolds a therapeutic journey, not just offering a respite for the mind but extending its soothing effects to the cardiovascular system. The practice becomes a holistic embrace, nurturing a balanced and serene state that resonates through the intricate tapestry of overall cardiac health.

Hip Flexibility and Spinal Alignment

Padmasana, or Lotus Pose, offers multifaceted benefits by fostering hip flexibility and spinal alignment. The posture involves a crossed-legged position that gradually enhances the range of motion in the hips, promoting flexibility. Simultaneously, the upright seated position encourages spinal alignment, reducing strain on the back and fostering a strong, supportive posture. Regular practice of this pose not only nurtures physical well-being but also contributes to a sense of balance and harmony in the body. The combination of hip flexibility and spinal alignment makes it a valuable addition to yoga practices aimed at enhancing overall flexibility, strength, and postural integrity.

Enhances the Flow of Subtle Energies

The impact of sitting positions on the body’s subtle energies is distinct. Sitting in a chair tends to diminish these energies, whereas adopting Padmasana, or Lotus Posture, exerts a universal energizing effect, albeit after approximately 20 minutes of practice. The intentional and meditative nature of this pose encourages the harmonious flow of subtle energies throughout the body, fostering a revitalizing influence. This contrast highlights the significance of mindful posture choices in influencing the body’s energy dynamics. As practitioners embrace Padmasana, they unlock a transformative potential, experiencing an energized and balanced state that transcends the limitations of more conventional seated positions.

Gives Postures Correction

Padmasana, or Lotus Pose, is renowned for its transformative impact on posture correction. As practitioners assume this seated position, the spine naturally aligns itself, promoting an upright and balanced posture. The engagement of core muscles in maintaining the pose strengthens the back, shoulders, and neck. Over time, consistent practice of this pose contributes to increased body awareness, correcting slouching tendencies, and fostering an improved overall posture. This intentional focus on alignment not only enhances physical appearance but also supports the spine’s health, preventing discomfort and potential issues associated with poor posture. Thus, it stands as a foundational pillar for cultivating a strong, balanced, and naturally aligned posture.

Improves Focus and Concentration

Lotus Pose, also known as Padmasana, is a powerful catalyst for improving focus and concentration. By assuming a seated and balanced position, practitioners establish a stable foundation that allows them to turn their attention inward. The deliberate posture, combined with controlled breathing, encourages a calm and centered mental state, reducing distractions. As individuals engage in this meditative pose, their minds naturally gravitate towards mindfulness, resulting in heightened concentration. Through consistent practice, this pose becomes a valuable tool for enhancing cognitive abilities, sharpening focus, and cultivating the mental clarity necessary for tasks that require sustained attention and concentration. As a result, it is a valuable addition to practices aimed at enhancing cognitive function and promoting mindfulness.

Padmasana Variants

The following yoga postures belong to the group Lotus posture.

  1. Half Lotus (Ardha Padmasana)
  2. Tulasana or Scale Pose
  3. Bound Lotus Pose (Baddha Padmasana)
  4. Kukkudasana (Cockerel Pose)
  5. Upward Lotus Pose
  6. Yoga Mudrasana or Psychic Union Pose

Lotus Pose in Other Asanas

Apart from the variations of this posture, it is combined with other yoga postures.

  • Padma Mayurasana or Lotus Peacock Pose
  • Padma-Sirsasana or Lotus Head Stand
  • Sarvangasana or Lotus Shoulder Stand
  • Padma Simhasana or Lotus Lion Pose

Classical Yoga Texts

The earliest mention of this Posture was in the Yoga Sutra commentary by Maharishi Vyasa. Yoga Yajnavalkya also mentions this pose.

According to Yoga Yajnavalkya, this position is formed by placing both legs on opposite thighs and holding the big toes by the hands from behind.

Verse 559 of Thirumanthiram by Thirumoolar provides the steps to do this yoga pose.

The text says “In Sukhasana (easy pose), take your foot and place it on the opposite thigh in such way that your left leg on the right thigh and right leg on the left thigh and place your hands on them showing your palms up. This is known as the Lotus Position”.

Hatha Yoga Pradipika

Verses 1.44 to 1.49 of Hatha Yoga Pradipika describe this posture, its importance, and its benefits.

Place the right foot on the left thigh and the left on the right one and hold firmly the toes by the crossed hands from behind. Also, press the chin on the chest and look at the tip of the nose. This is the Lotus Posture that destroys all bodily diseases. (Verse 44).

Place the feet on the thighs soles facing up and place the hands on the groin with palms facing up. (Variation). Look at the tip of the nose. Keep pressing the tongue against the root of the upper teeth. Keep the chin firmly on the chest and raise the Vayu upwards. (Verses 45-46).

This pose destroys all physical ailments. It is not easy for all to master. Hence, only the intelligent attains it. (Verse 47).

Sit in the lotus pose. Place one palm on the other. Also, press the chin on the chest. Meditate on Him (The Supreme Entity). Then, draw Apana up and bring Prana down. Likewise, repeat again and again. Thus, one awakens Kundalini and attains the highest wisdom. (Verse 48).

The Yogi seated in this posture controls the Vayu by inhaling and filling. He attains liberation without any doubt. (Verse 49).

Siva Samhita

According to Verse 3.20, the yogi should go to a remote place or a cell, assume this Pose on the seat, and begin Pranayama practice.

Verses 3.88 to 3.91 describe this position more.

Here are the instructions for performing the posture that eliminates all diseases. Firstly, begin by sitting in a cross-legged position and placing your feet on the opposite thighs. Next, cross your hands and position them in the same manner, with palms facing upwards on your thighs. Direct your gaze towards the tip of your nose. Press your tongue against the upper teeth. Inhale slowly, filling your lungs to their maximum capacity, and exhale steadily and rhythmically. These steps are outlined in verse 3.88.

It is not possible for everyone. Only the intelligent one gets mastery over it. (Verse 3.89).

By assuming this practice, the vital airs of the practitioner at once get a stable equilibrium without any doubt and the airs flow harmoniously through the body. (Verse 3.90).

By sitting cross-legged in this posture and knowing the movements of Prana and Apana, the yogi who performs Pranayama attains liberation. I tell the truth. I tell the truth. (Verse 3.91).

Gheranda Samhita

Gheranda Samhita gives the procedure to perform this Pose as below.

Place the left foot on the right thigh and the right one on the left thigh. Cross the hands behind the back and catch hold of the big toes. Place the chin on the chest and gaze at the tip of the nose. This is the Lotus Pose that destroys all bodily ailments. (Verse 2.8).

Conclusion

It is important to highlight that most ancient Yoga texts, like Yoga Yajnavalkya, offer guidance on the different phases of Baddha Padmasana, commonly referred to as the Bound Lotus Pose, which is a modified version, and referred to as the Lotus Pose. Therefore, it is not feasible for everyone to execute this posture exactly as described in the texts. Even attempting a simpler variation of this pose can prove to be extremely challenging for the majority of individuals.

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